How the numbers were computed

For the story Employees on a temporary contract in the EU.

Every number in the story is a Eurostat value or is computed from Eurostat values. Each value is named by dataset, Eurostat key and period. Each request is kept as received.

The ranking

Ranks

Rank by value, highest first. Equal values share a rank, and the next rank is skipped. France and Portugal, at 15.2% each, are both 4th, and Cyprus is 6th.

27 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r1 · flag d: Spain, France

24.0 percentage points

Highest value − lowest value, in percentage points: 25.8 − 1.8 = 24.0. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

25.8: Netherlands, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.NL@2025 · request r1
1.8: Lithuania, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.LT@2025 · request r1

27 / 27

EU countries with a value for 2025: all 27 of the 27 EU member states.

27 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r1 · flag d: Spain, France

Over time

The EU figure, 2021–2025

The figure of the European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) as Eurostat publishes it, one value a year.

14.0 (flag b): European Union - 27 countries (from 2020), 2021 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.EU27_2020@2021 · request r1
14.1: European Union - 27 countries (from 2020), 2022 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.EU27_2020@2022 · request r1
13.4: European Union - 27 countries (from 2020), 2023 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.EU27_2020@2023 · request r1
12.8: European Union - 27 countries (from 2020), 2024 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.EU27_2020@2024 · request r1
12.6: European Union - 27 countries (from 2020), 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.EU27_2020@2025 · request r1

Differences, 2025 − 2021

Per country and for the EU, the 2025 value minus the 2021 value. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r1 · flag d: Spain, France
28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2021 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r1 · flag b: Netherlands, Poland, Spain, France, Portugal, Cyprus, Finland, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Belgium, Slovenia, Greece, Malta, Luxembourg, Croatia, Austria, Czechia, Ireland, Hungary, Slovakia, Estonia, Bulgaria, Latvia, Romania, Lithuania, European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) · flag d: Spain, France

Countries where the share fell

The countries whose difference 2025 − 2021 is below zero, 17 in all.

uses Differences, 2025 − 2021

Countries where the share rose

The countries whose difference 2025 − 2021 is above zero, 9 in all.

uses Differences, 2025 − 2021

Women and men

Ranks, men

Rank by value, highest first. Equal values share a rank, and the next rank is skipped. Germany and Finland, at 11.6% each, are both 7th, and Denmark is 9th.

27 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.M.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r3 · flag d: France, Spain

22.3 percentage points

Highest value − lowest value, in percentage points: 24.2 − 1.9 = 22.3. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

24.2: Netherlands, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.M.Y15-64.TOTAL.NL@2025 · request r3
1.9: Lithuania, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.M.Y15-64.TOTAL.LT@2025 · request r3

Ranks, women

Rank by value, highest first. Equal values share a rank, and the next rank is skipped. There are no ties in this ranking.

27 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.F.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r2 · flag d: Spain, France

26.4 percentage points

Highest value − lowest value, in percentage points: 27.5 − 1.1 = 26.4. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

27.5: Netherlands, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.F.Y15-64.TOTAL.NL@2025 · request r2
1.1: Romania, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.F.Y15-64.TOTAL.RO@2025 · request r2

Differences, women − men

Per country and for the EU, women minus men. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.F.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r2 · flag d: Spain, France
28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.M.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r3 · flag d: Spain, France

By citizenship

Ranks, citizens of the country

Rank by value, highest first. Equal values share a rank, and the next rank is skipped. There are no ties in this ranking.

25 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NAT.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r4 · flag d: France, Spain

23.1 percentage points

Highest value − lowest value, in percentage points: 24.9 − 1.8 = 23.1. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

24.9: Netherlands, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NAT.NL@2025 · request r4
1.8: Lithuania, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NAT.LT@2025 · request r4

Ranks, non-EU citizens

Rank by value, highest first. Equal values share a rank, and the next rank is skipped. There are no ties in this ranking.

19 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NEU27_2020_FOR.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r5 · flag d: France, Spain · flag u: Croatia

42.7 percentage points

Highest value − lowest value, in percentage points: 46.7 − 4.0 = 42.7. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

46.7: Netherlands, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NEU27_2020_FOR.NL@2025 · request r5
4.0: Estonia, 2025 lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NEU27_2020_FOR.EE@2025 · request r5

Differences, non-EU citizens − citizens of the country

Per country and for the EU, non-EU citizens minus citizens of the country. Rounding: each value rounded to 1 decimal as displayed, then subtracted.

20 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NAT.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r4 · flag d: France, Spain
20 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.NEU27_2020_FOR.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r5 · flag d: France, Spain · flag u: Croatia

By age

Values, by age

The values as Eurostat publishes them, one per country and group and for the EU, shown rounded to 1 decimal.

28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r1 · flag d: Spain, France
28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-24.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r6 · flag d: Spain, France · flag u: Lithuania
28 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y25-54.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r6 · flag d: Spain, France
27 values, one per country and the EU's lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y55-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code or the EU's) · request r6 · flag d: Spain, France · flag u: Malta, Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia, Romania

Ranks, 15–64

Rank by value, highest first. Equal values share a rank, and the next rank is skipped. France and Portugal, at 15.2% each, are both 4th, and Cyprus is 6th.

27 values, one per country lfsa_etpgan:A.PC.T.Y15-64.TOTAL.<geo>@2025 (<geo> is the country code) · request r1 · flag d: Spain, France