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Who usually works on Sundays in the EU

Topic: Work and income

In Malta, 21.7% of employed people usually work on Sundays, against 2.7% in Lithuania.

In 2025, 11.2% of employed people aged 15 to 64 in the EU usually worked on Sundays, on at least two Sundays a month.

Figures for:
2025.
Covers:
the whole year.
New data:
every two years.
Dataset updated:
30 October 2026.

Published 12 November 2026

27 / 27 EU countries ranked

The ranking

In 2025, the share of employed people who usually work on Sundays was lowest in Lithuania, at 2.7%, and highest in Malta, at 21.7%.

Share of employed people who usually work on Sundays, %

2025 · employed people aged 15 to 64
0510152025%
EU, 11.2%
Rank 1: Malta, 21.7%
Rank 2: Ireland, 17.5%
Rank 3: Spain, 17.0%
Rank 4: Sweden, 15.7%
Rank 5: France, 14.5%
Rank 6: Belgium, 13.8%
Rank 7: Greece, 13.7%
Rank 8: Cyprus, 13.6%
Rank 8: Finland, 13.6%
Rank 10: Austria, 13.4%
Rank 11: Italy, 12.4%
Rank 11: Portugal, 12.4%
Rank 13: Slovakia, 12.1%
Rank 14: Latvia, 11.4%
Rank 15: Estonia, 10.8%
Rank 16: Denmark, 10.4%
Rank 17: Netherlands, 9.3%
Rank 18: Luxembourg, 9.2%
Rank 19: Germany, 9.1%
Rank 20: Czechia, 9.0%
Rank 20: Slovenia, 9.0%
Rank 22: Romania, 7.6%
Rank 23: Croatia, 7.5%
Rank 24: Hungary, 4.8%
Rank 25: Bulgaria, 4.1%
Rank 25: Poland, 4.1%
Rank 27: Lithuania, 2.7%
How to read: bars start at zero. Every country with a value is shown, ranked from highest to lowest, and the EU in the first row.The values for France and Spain follow a different definition.Source: Eurostat, Employed persons working on Sundays by professional status - % of total employment (lfsa_ewpsun).Chart: Civitascope (civitascope.eu) · CC BY 4.0 · Download image · Download data ·

Employees and the self-employed

Among employees, the gap between the highest and the lowest country was slightly wider than among all employed people. Malta was again the highest, at 21.8%, and Lithuania again the lowest, at 2.0%. The gap between Malta and Lithuania was 19.8 percentage points.

Among self-employed people, the gap between the highest and the lowest country was slightly wider than among employees. Austria was the highest, at 27.2%, and Hungary the lowest, at 6.9%. The highest and the lowest were 20.3 percentage points apart.

Share of employed people who usually work on Sundays: employees and self-employed, %

2025
EmployeesSelf-employedSelf-employed − employeesDifference
01020pp
EU, Employees: 10.1%, Self-employed: 18.2%, Self-employed − employees: +8.1 pp
Rank 1: Malta, Self-employed: 21.3%, Employees: 21.8%, Self-employed − employees: −0.5 pp
Rank 2: Ireland, Employees: 16.3%, Self-employed: 27.0%, Self-employed − employees: +10.7 pp
Rank 3: Spain, Employees: 15.3%, Self-employed: 26.7%, Self-employed − employees: +11.4 pp
Rank 4: Sweden, Employees: 14.8%, Self-employed: 25.4%, Self-employed − employees: +10.6 pp
Rank 5: Cyprus, Self-employed: 8.7%, Employees: 14.0%, Self-employed − employees: −5.3 pp
Rank 6: Slovakia, Self-employed: 7.5%, Employees: 12.9%, Self-employed − employees: −5.4 pp
Rank 7: France, Employees: 12.7%, Self-employed: 26.7%, Self-employed − employees: +14.0 pp
Rank 8: Finland, Employees: 12.4%, Self-employed: 23.4%, Self-employed − employees: +11.0 pp
Rank 9: Portugal, Employees: 12.1%, Self-employed: 13.8%, Self-employed − employees: +1.7 pp
Rank 10: Italy, Employees: 11.8%, Self-employed: 14.4%, Self-employed − employees: +2.6 pp
Rank 11: Austria, Employees: 11.6%, Self-employed: 27.2%, Self-employed − employees: +15.6 pp
Rank 12: Belgium, Employees: 11.5%, Self-employed: 26.7%, Self-employed − employees: +15.2 pp
Rank 13: Latvia, Self-employed: 10.6%, Employees: 11.3%, Self-employed − employees: −0.7 pp
Rank 14: Greece, Employees: 10.8%, Self-employed: 21.0%, Self-employed − employees: +10.2 pp
Rank 15: Estonia, Employees: 10.4%, Self-employed: 13.4%, Self-employed − employees: +3.0 pp
Rank 16: Denmark, Employees: 10.1%, Self-employed: 14.9%, Self-employed − employees: +4.8 pp
Rank 17: Netherlands, Employees: 8.7%, Self-employed: 12.6%, Self-employed − employees: +3.9 pp
Rank 18: Luxembourg, Employees: 8.4%, Self-employed: 17.0%, Self-employed − employees: +8.6 pp
Rank 18: Germany, Employees: 8.4%, Self-employed: 18.2%, Self-employed − employees: +9.8 pp
Rank 18: Czechia, Employees: 8.4%, Self-employed: 12.2%, Self-employed − employees: +3.8 pp
Rank 21: Slovenia, Employees: 7.5%, Self-employed: 15.5%, Self-employed − employees: +8.0 pp
Rank 22: Romania, Employees: 7.4%, Self-employed: 10.1%, Self-employed − employees: +2.7 pp
Rank 23: Croatia, Employees: 6.8%, Self-employed: 11.4%, Self-employed − employees: +4.6 pp
Rank 24: Hungary, Employees: 4.6%, Self-employed: 6.9%, Self-employed − employees: +2.3 pp
Rank 25: Bulgaria, Employees: 3.6%, Self-employed: 7.2%, Self-employed − employees: +3.6 pp
Rank 26: Poland, Employees: 2.3%, Self-employed: 11.3%, Self-employed − employees: +9.0 pp
Rank 27: Lithuania, Employees: 2.0%, Self-employed: 7.6%, Self-employed − employees: +5.6 pp
How to read: the filled dot (employees) and the outlined dot (self-employed) each have their value beside them. The column on the right is their difference, self-employed − employees. Countries are ranked by the filled dot.The values for France and Spain follow a different definition.Source: Eurostat, Employed persons working on Sundays by professional status - % of total employment (lfsa_ewpsun).Chart: Civitascope (civitascope.eu) · CC BY 4.0 · Download image · Download data ·
EveryoneEmployeesSelf-employed
Lowest2.7%Lithuania2.0%Lithuania6.9%Hungary
Highest21.7%Malta21.8%Malta27.2%Austria
Highest − lowest19.0 pp19.8 pp20.3 pp

Everyone

Lowest: 2.7% (Lithuania)Highest: 21.7% (Malta)Highest − lowest: 19.0 pp

Employees

Lowest: 2.0% (Lithuania)Highest: 21.8% (Malta)Highest − lowest: 19.8 pp

Self-employed

Lowest: 6.9% (Hungary)Highest: 27.2% (Austria)Highest − lowest: 20.3 pp

Women and men

Among employed women, the gap between the highest and the lowest country was narrower than among all employed people. Lithuania was again the lowest, at 3.0%, and Malta again the highest, at 19.3%. The gap between the highest and the lowest was 16.3 percentage points.

Among employed men, the gap between the highest and the lowest country was wider than among employed women. Malta was again the highest, at 23.5%, and Lithuania again the lowest, at 2.5%. The gap between Malta and Lithuania was 21.0 percentage points.

Share of employed people who usually work on Sundays: women and men, %

2025 · employed people aged 15 to 64
WomenMenMen − womenDifference
510152025pp
EU, Women: 11.2%, Men: 11.3%, Men − women: +0.1 pp
Rank 1: Malta, Women: 19.3%, Men: 23.5%, Men − women: +4.2 pp
Rank 2: Ireland, Women: 16.8%, Men: 18.2%, Men − women: +1.4 pp
Rank 3: Sweden, Men: 14.8%, Women: 16.6%, Men − women: −1.8 pp
Rank 4: Spain, Women: 16.4%, Men: 17.5%, Men − women: +1.1 pp
Rank 5: Finland, Men: 11.9%, Women: 15.4%, Men − women: −3.5 pp
Rank 6: France, Men: 13.9%, Women: 15.1%, Men − women: −1.2 pp
Rank 7: Cyprus, Men: 13.1%, Women: 14.1%, Men − women: −1.0 pp
Rank 8: Belgium, Women: 13.1%, Men: 14.3%, Men − women: +1.2 pp
Rank 9: Austria, Women: 13.0%, Men: 13.8%, Men − women: +0.8 pp
Rank 10: Portugal, Men: 11.9%, Women: 12.9%, Men − women: −1.0 pp
Rank 11: Italy, Women: 12.1%, Men: 12.5%, Men − women: +0.4 pp
Rank 12: Denmark, Men: 9.1%, Women: 11.8%, Men − women: −2.7 pp
Rank 13: Slovakia, Women: 11.5%, Men: 12.6%, Men − women: +1.1 pp
Rank 14: Estonia, Men: 10.2%, Women: 11.4%, Men − women: −1.2 pp
Rank 15: Latvia, Women: 11.0%, Men: 11.7%, Men − women: +0.7 pp
Rank 16: Greece, Women: 10.2%, Men: 16.4%, Men − women: +6.2 pp
Rank 17: Czechia, Men: 8.7%, Women: 9.4%, Men − women: −0.7 pp
Rank 18: Netherlands, Men: 9.3%, Women: 9.3%, Men − women: 0.0 pp
Rank 18: Luxembourg, Men: 9.1%, Women: 9.3%, Men − women: −0.2 pp
Rank 20: Germany, Men: 9.0%, Women: 9.2%, Men − women: −0.2 pp
Rank 21: Romania, Men: 7.0%, Women: 8.5%, Men − women: −1.5 pp
Rank 22: Slovenia, Women: 8.4%, Men: 9.5%, Men − women: +1.1 pp
Rank 23: Croatia, Women: 6.5%, Men: 8.3%, Men − women: +1.8 pp
Rank 24: Hungary, Women: 4.0%, Men: 5.6%, Men − women: +1.6 pp
Rank 25: Poland, Women: 3.6%, Men: 4.4%, Men − women: +0.8 pp
Rank 26: Bulgaria, Women: 3.5%, Men: 4.6%, Men − women: +1.1 pp
Rank 27: Lithuania, Men: 2.5%, Women: 3.0%, Men − women: −0.5 pp
How to read: the filled dot (women) and the outlined dot (men) each have their value beside them. The column on the right is their difference, men − women. Countries are ranked by the filled dot.The values for France and Spain follow a different definition.Source: Eurostat, Employed persons working on Sundays by professional status - % of total employment (lfsa_ewpsun).Chart: Civitascope (civitascope.eu) · CC BY 4.0 · Download image · Download data ·
EveryoneWomenMen
Lowest2.7%Lithuania3.0%Lithuania2.5%Lithuania
Highest21.7%Malta19.3%Malta23.5%Malta
Highest − lowest19.0 pp16.3 pp21.0 pp

Everyone

Lowest: 2.7% (Lithuania)Highest: 21.7% (Malta)Highest − lowest: 19.0 pp

Women

Lowest: 3.0% (Lithuania)Highest: 19.3% (Malta)Highest − lowest: 16.3 pp

Men

Lowest: 2.5% (Lithuania)Highest: 23.5% (Malta)Highest − lowest: 21.0 pp

Usually, sometimes, never

In 2025, 11.2% of employed people in the EU usually worked on Sundays, 10.7% sometimes and 78.1% never.

Employed people working on Sundays, usually, sometimes and never, %

2025 · employed people aged 15 to 64
EU, usually: 11.2%, sometimes: 10.7%, never: 78.1%.
Rank 1: Malta, usually: 21.7%, sometimes: 14.9%, never: 63.3%.
Rank 2: Ireland, usually: 17.5%, sometimes: 7.8%, never: 74.7%.
Rank 3: Spain, usually: 17.0%, sometimes: 4.1%, never: 78.9%.
Rank 4: Sweden, usually: 15.7%, sometimes: 9.8%, never: 74.5%.
Rank 5: France, usually: 14.5%, sometimes: 8.6%, never: 76.9%.
Rank 6: Belgium, usually: 13.8%, sometimes: 10.2%, never: 76.0%.
Rank 7: Greece, usually: 13.7%, sometimes: 13.3%, never: 73.0%.
Rank 8: Cyprus, usually: 13.6%, sometimes: 9.7%, never: 76.7%.
Rank 8: Finland, usually: 13.6%, sometimes: 22.3%, never: 64.1%.
Rank 10: Austria, usually: 13.4%, sometimes: 8.4%, never: 78.1%.
Rank 11: Italy, usually: 12.4%, sometimes: 5.9%, never: 81.7%.
Rank 11: Portugal, usually: 12.4%, sometimes: 10.9%, never: 76.7%.
Rank 13: Slovakia, usually: 12.1%, sometimes: 12.6%, never: 75.3%.
Rank 14: Latvia, usually: 11.4%, sometimes: 9.3%, never: 79.3%.
Rank 15: Estonia, usually: 10.8%, sometimes: 20.6%, never: 68.6%.
Rank 16: Denmark, usually: 10.4%, sometimes: 24.8%, never: 64.8%.
Rank 17: Netherlands, usually: 9.3%, sometimes: 32.2%, never: 58.5%.
Rank 18: Luxembourg, usually: 9.2%, sometimes: 11.6%, never: 79.2%.
Rank 19: Germany, usually: 9.1%, sometimes: 6.5%, never: 84.4%.
Rank 20: Czechia, usually: 9.0%, sometimes: 12.8%, never: 78.2%.
Rank 20: Slovenia, usually: 9.0%, sometimes: 12.3%, never: 78.8%.
Rank 22: Romania, usually: 7.6%, sometimes: 21.4%, never: 71.0%.
Rank 23: Croatia, usually: 7.5%, sometimes: 18.8%, never: 73.7%.
Rank 24: Hungary, usually: 4.8%, sometimes: 14.5%, never: 80.6%.
Rank 25: Bulgaria, usually: 4.1%, sometimes: 13.9%, never: 82.0%.
Rank 25: Poland, usually: 4.1%, sometimes: 15.5%, never: 80.4%.
Rank 27: Lithuania, usually: 2.7%, sometimes: 11.7%, never: 85.6%.
How to read: one row per country, and each bar adds up to 100%. Each value is in the columns on the right, in the bar's order from left to right. The rounded values can add up to 0.1 more or less. Countries are ranked by the “usually” column.The values for France and Spain follow a different definition.Source: Eurostat, Employed persons working on Sundays by professional status - % of total employment (lfsa_ewpsun).Chart: Civitascope (civitascope.eu) · CC BY 4.0 · Download image · Download data ·

By age

In 2025, 16.3% of employed people aged 15 to 24 in the EU usually worked on Sundays, against 10.8% of those aged 25 to 49.

Share of employed people who usually work on Sundays, by age, %

2025 · employed people
15–6415–2425–4950–64
EU, 15–64: 11.2%,15–24: 16.3%,25–49: 10.8%,50–64: 10.8%,
Rank 1: Malta, 15–64: 21.7%,15–24: 23.4%,25–49: 21.9%,50–64: 20.5%,
Rank 2: Ireland, 15–64: 17.5%,15–24: 32.2%,25–49: 15.0%,50–64: 16.6%,
Rank 3: Spain, 15–64: 17.0%,15–24: 27.2%,25–49: 16.6%,50–64: 15.9%,
Rank 4: Sweden, 15–64: 15.7%,15–24: 29.2%,25–49: 14.0%,50–64: 14.3%,
Rank 5: France, 15–64: 14.5%,15–24: 17.2%,25–49: 14.5%,50–64: 13.7%,
Rank 6: Belgium, 15–64: 13.8%,15–24: 18.1%,25–49: 12.8%,50–64: 14.6%,
Rank 7: Greece, 15–64: 13.7%,15–24: 23.0%,25–49: 13.4%,50–64: 12.9%,
Rank 8: Cyprus, 15–64: 13.6%,15–24: 25.6%,25–49: 13.0%,50–64: 12.6%,
Rank 8: Finland, 15–64: 13.6%,15–24: 20.8%,25–49: 12.3%,50–64: 13.7%,
Rank 10: Austria, 15–64: 13.4%,15–24: 10.7%,25–49: 12.9%,50–64: 15.4%,
Rank 11: Italy, 15–64: 12.4%,15–24: 21.6%,25–49: 12.9%,50–64: 10.6%,
Rank 11: Portugal, 15–64: 12.4%,15–24: 22.1%,25–49: 12.4%,50–64: 10.6%,
Rank 13: Slovakia, 15–64: 12.1%,15–24: 19.5%,25–49: 11.3%,50–64: 12.7%,
Rank 14: Latvia, 15–64: 11.4%,15–24: 19.9%,25–49: 10.1%,50–64: 11.8%,
Rank 15: Estonia, 15–64: 10.8%,15–24: 20.9%,25–49: 9.0%,50–64: 11.9%,
Rank 16: Denmark, 15–64: 10.4%,15–24: 20.9%,25–49: 8.1%,50–64: 9.3%,
Rank 17: Netherlands, 15–64: 9.3%,15–24: 21.5%,25–49: 6.6%,50–64: 7.0%,
Rank 18: Luxembourg, 15–64: 9.2%,15–24: 13.6%,25–49: 9.2%,50–64: 8.0%,
Rank 19: Germany, 15–64: 9.1%,15–24: 9.3%,25–49: 9.1%,50–64: 9.0%,
Rank 20: Czechia, 15–64: 9.0%,15–24: 14.0%,25–49: 8.4%,50–64: 9.3%,
Rank 20: Slovenia, 15–64: 9.0%,15–24: 14.5%,25–49: 7.8%,50–64: 10.1%,
Rank 22: Romania, 15–64: 7.6%,15–24: 8.6%,25–49: 7.4%,50–64: 8.0%,
Rank 23: Croatia, 15–64: 7.5%,15–24: 10.0%,25–49: 7.3%,50–64: 7.3%,
Rank 24: Hungary, 15–64: 4.8%,15–24: 5.0%,25–49: 4.8%,50–64: 4.9%,
Rank 25: Bulgaria, 15–64: 4.1%,15–24: 8.2%,25–49: 3.8%,50–64: 4.1%,
Rank 25: Poland, 15–64: 4.1%,15–24: 5.3%,25–49: 3.4%,50–64: 5.4%,
Rank 27: Lithuania, 15–64: 2.7%,15–24: 4.0%,25–49: 2.1%,50–64: 3.7%,
How to read: one row per country, one column per group, each value in its cell. The stronger the colour, the higher the value. Countries are ranked by the “15–64” column.Eurostat marks the values for Bulgaria, Croatia, Lithuania and Luxembourg (15–24) as having low reliability.The values for France and Spain follow a different definition.Source: Eurostat, Employed persons working on Sundays by professional status - % of total employment (lfsa_ewpsun).Chart: Civitascope (civitascope.eu) · CC BY 4.0 · Download image · Download data ·

About the data

The share of employed people who usually work on Sundays in their main job, meaning at least two Sundays a month in the four working weeks up to the end of the survey week (twelve working weeks when the last four were unusual).

Counted: employed people aged 15 to 64.

Eurostat: “'Frequently' in this context should be interpreted as: working at least two of the Sundays per month in a reference period of four (to twelve) working weeks preceding the end of the reference week.” (source)

EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS), a sample survey of households run by the national statistical institutes. The answer is the respondent's own account of the Sundays worked in the main job.

How to read these numbers

How it is measured

The survey covers people usually living in private households. People in collective or institutional households are not included.

"Usually" means working on at least two Sundays a month in the four working weeks up to the end of the survey week, or in the twelve working weeks up to it when the last four were unusual. People who worked on one Sunday a month count as working on Sundays sometimes. Only the main job counts. Occasionally checking emails or answering calls on a Sunday does not count as work.

Since 2021 the survey asks about Sunday work every two years, in odd years. There are no values for 2022 and 2024. Until 2020 the series is yearly.

France's figures have included the overseas departments Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana and Réunion since 2014, and Mayotte since 2024. Cyprus's figures cover only the areas controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus.

Different definitions

Eurostat marks Spain's and France's values as following a different definition (flag d). Both countries still use the rules of 2020 and before to decide whether people on temporary lay-off count as employed. This concerns France (2025) and Spain (2025).

Low reliability

A value of low reliability (flag u) should be read with care. This concerns Bulgaria (2025), Croatia (2025), Lithuania (2025) and Luxembourg (2025).

Sources and data

Eurostat, Employed persons working on Sundays by professional status - % of total employment (lfsa_ewpsun). Data updated 30 October 2026, retrieved 12 November 2026. Licence: CC BY 4.0.

Eurostat metadata · Eurostat methodology

The exact Eurostat API query

https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/lfsa_ewpsun?format=JSON&lang=en&age=Y15-64&freq=A&frequenc=USU&geo=AT&geo=BE&geo=BG&geo=CY&geo=CZ&geo=DE&geo=DK&geo=EE&geo=EL&geo=ES&geo=EU27_2020&geo=FI&geo=FR&geo=HR&geo=HU&geo=IE&geo=IT&geo=LT&geo=LU&geo=LV&geo=MT&geo=NL&geo=PL&geo=PT&geo=RO&geo=SE&geo=SI&geo=SK&sex=T&unit=PC&wstatus=EMP

How every number in this story was computed

Report an error: contact [at] civitascope.eu

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