Excess mortality
Topic: Population and health
11.1% fewer people died in Lithuania than on average in 2016–2019, and 18.0% more in Luxembourg.
In May 2026, 3.8% more people died in the EU than on average in the same month of 2016–2019. The figure counts deaths from all causes.
- Figures for:
- May 2026.
- Covers:
- one month.
- New data:
- every month.
- Dataset updated:
- 16 September 2026.
Published 4 November 2026
The ranking
In May 2026, excess mortality was highest in Luxembourg, where 18.0% more people died than on average in 2016–2019, and lowest in Lithuania, where 11.1% fewer died.
Excess mortality compared with the 2016–2019 average, %
May 2026Month by month
In the EU, 3.4% more people died in November 2025 than on average in the same month of 2016–2019, and 3.8% more in May 2026.
Excess mortality by month, compared with the 2016–2019 average, %
November 2025 – May 2026| November 2025 | December 2025 | January 2026 | February 2026 | March 2026 | April 2026 | May 2026 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EU, | November 2025: 3.4 %, | December 2025: 5.1 %, | January 2026: 5.9 %, | February 2026: −1.4 %, | March 2026: −4.4 %, | April 2026: 1.8 %, | May 2026: 3.8 %, | |
| Rank 1: | Luxembourg, | November 2025: 2.6 %, | December 2025: 3.2 %, | January 2026: 13.0 %, | February 2026: −6.3 %, | March 2026: −8.9 %, | April 2026: 8.4 %, | May 2026: 18.0 %, |
| Rank 2: | Netherlands, | November 2025: 13.6 %, | December 2025: 21.5 %, | January 2026: 18.6 %, | February 2026: 17.0 %, | March 2026: 7.0 %, | April 2026: 13.1 %, | May 2026: 15.7 %, |
| Rank 3: | Finland, | November 2025: 10.4 %, | December 2025: 5.7 %, | January 2026: 4.4 %, | February 2026: 14.1 %, | March 2026: 6.1 %, | April 2026: 11.1 %, | May 2026: 13.3 %, |
| Rank 4: | Ireland, | November 2025: 11.6 %, | December 2025: 10.2 %, | January 2026: 9.3 %, | February 2026: 3.7 %, | March 2026: 3.4 %, | April 2026: 12.2 %, | May 2026: 10.3 %, |
| Rank 5: | Portugal, | November 2025: 4.5 %, | December 2025: 19.9 %, | January 2026: 10.6 %, | February 2026: −0.6 %, | March 2026: 5.3 %, | April 2026: 4.0 %, | May 2026: 9.0 %, |
| Rank 6: | Malta, | November 2025: 9.1 %, | December 2025: 20.2 %, | January 2026: 10.0 %, | February 2026: 1.7 %, | March 2026: 10.7 %, | April 2026: 27.6 %, | May 2026: 8.9 %, |
| Rank 7: | Denmark, | November 2025: 11.0 %, | December 2025: 6.9 %, | January 2026: 12.6 %, | February 2026: 16.9 %, | March 2026: 0.7 %, | April 2026: 6.1 %, | May 2026: 8.4 %, |
| Rank 8: | Austria, | November 2025: 8.9 %, | December 2025: 9.5 %, | January 2026: 10.8 %, | February 2026: −2.4 %, | March 2026: −0.7 %, | April 2026: 6.5 %, | May 2026: 6.8 %, |
| Rank 9: | Germany, | November 2025: 8.6 %, | December 2025: 8.6 %, | January 2026: 15.3 %, | February 2026: 3.9 %, | March 2026: −5.9 %, | April 2026: 4.0 %, | May 2026: 6.5 %, |
| Rank 10: | France, | November 2025: 5.1 %, | December 2025: 7.8 %, | January 2026: 14.7 %, | February 2026: −1.1 %, | March 2026: −2.7 %, | April 2026: 3.7 %, | May 2026: 6.4 %, |
| Rank 11: | Spain, | November 2025: 5.3 %, | December 2025: 12.9 %, | January 2026: 2.8 %, | February 2026: −3.2 %, | March 2026: 0.4 %, | April 2026: 5.2 %, | May 2026: 6.3 %, |
| Rank 12: | Slovenia, | November 2025: 4.8 %, | December 2025: 13.2 %, | January 2026: −6.0 %, | February 2026: −9.7 %, | March 2026: −7.1 %, | April 2026: −1.7 %, | May 2026: 6.2 %, |
| Rank 13: | Slovakia, | November 2025: −0.8 %, | December 2025: 3.4 %, | January 2026: 4.9 %, | February 2026: −7.8 %, | March 2026: −5.8 %, | April 2026: 0.9 %, | May 2026: 4.0 %, |
| Rank 14: | Czechia, | November 2025: 5.3 %, | December 2025: 7.2 %, | January 2026: 7.3 %, | February 2026: −5.3 %, | March 2026: −6.3 %, | April 2026: −0.7 %, | May 2026: 3.3 %, |
| Rank 14: | Greece, | November 2025: −3.3 %, | December 2025: −3.5 %, | January 2026: −2.8 %, | February 2026: −6.4 %, | March 2026: 2.3 %, | April 2026: 3.0 %, | May 2026: 3.3 %, |
| Rank 16: | Cyprus, | November 2025: 5.0 %, | December 2025: 9.4 %, | January 2026: 13.8 %, | February 2026: −3.7 %, | March 2026: 7.8 %, | April 2026: −0.7 %, | May 2026: 2.8 %, |
| Rank 17: | Sweden, | November 2025: 3.8 %, | December 2025: 1.2 %, | January 2026: 7.6 %, | February 2026: 3.4 %, | March 2026: −4.1 %, | April 2026: −1.8 %, | May 2026: 2.7 %, |
| Rank 18: | Poland, | November 2025: −0.3 %, | December 2025: 0.1 %, | January 2026: 3.1 %, | February 2026: 3.1 %, | March 2026: −5.9 %, | April 2026: 0.8 %, | May 2026: 2.6 %, |
| Rank 19: | Italy, | November 2025: 3.5 %, | December 2025: 4.6 %, | January 2026: −0.4 %, | February 2026: −6.1 %, | March 2026: −4.4 %, | April 2026: 1.5 %, | May 2026: 2.3 %, |
| Rank 20: | Belgium, | November 2025: 3.5 %, | December 2025: −1.2 %, | January 2026: 9.9 %, | February 2026: −2.4 %, | March 2026: −11.2 %, | April 2026: 0.6 %, | May 2026: 2.1 %, |
| Rank 21: | Estonia, | November 2025: 5.3 %, | December 2025: 4.0 %, | January 2026: 2.3 %, | February 2026: 5.4 %, | March 2026: −1.0 %, | April 2026: −0.7 %, | May 2026: −1.0 %, |
| Rank 22: | Hungary, | November 2025: −3.8 %, | December 2025: −6.6 %, | January 2026: −6.1 %, | February 2026: −13.4 %, | March 2026: −10.7 %, | April 2026: −3.5 %, | May 2026: −2.1 %, |
| Rank 23: | Croatia, | November 2025: −2.8 %, | December 2025: 1.1 %, | January 2026: −2.5 %, | February 2026: −12.8 %, | March 2026: −10.1 %, | April 2026: −7.0 %, | May 2026: −3.7 %, |
| Rank 24: | Romania, | November 2025: −12.6 %, | December 2025: −12.7 %, | January 2026: −11.1 %, | February 2026: −14.2 %, | March 2026: −14.2 %, | April 2026: −11.5 %, | May 2026: −9.3 %, |
| Rank 25: | Latvia, | November 2025: −7.1 %, | December 2025: −9.2 %, | January 2026: −7.9 %, | February 2026: −1.9 %, | March 2026: −15.1 %, | April 2026: −13.3 %, | May 2026: −10.1 %, |
| Rank 26: | Bulgaria, | November 2025: −10.6 %, | December 2025: −10.7 %, | January 2026: −13.9 %, | February 2026: −13.1 %, | March 2026: −10.3 %, | April 2026: −11.1 %, | May 2026: −10.4 %, |
| Rank 27: | Lithuania, | November 2025: −6.2 %, | December 2025: −2.8 %, | January 2026: 1.3 %, | February 2026: −2.3 %, | March 2026: −10.0 %, | April 2026: −7.3 %, | May 2026: −11.1 %, |
About the data
Deaths in a month compared with the average number of deaths in the same month of 2016-2019, as a percentage. A negative value means fewer deaths than in the baseline.
Eurostat: ““Excess mortality” is the rate of additional deaths in a month compared to the average number of deaths in the same month” (source)
Weekly death counts sent voluntarily by the national statistical institutes, allocated to calendar months
How to read these numbers
How it is measured
The 2016-2019 baseline is not adjusted for population ageing, population growth or rising life expectancy, so part of an excess can come from an older or larger population rather than from an unusual event.
The indicator counts deaths from all causes. It does not show what caused the excess.
Deaths are collected by week and allocated to calendar months in proportion to the days in each month, so a monthly figure can differ from the actual monthly count.
Provisional figures
Recent months are provisional (flag p) and may be under-reported. Countries usually revise them. Apart from Sweden, this concerns every country (November 2025 – May 2026) and the EU (November 2025 – May 2026). For Austria, Belgium, Czechia, Estonia, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland and Portugal these are December 2025 – May 2026, and for Slovenia these are January 2026 – May 2026.
Sources and data
Eurostat, Excess mortality by month (demo_mexrt). Data updated 16 September 2026, retrieved 4 November 2026. Licence: CC BY 4.0.
Eurostat metadata · Eurostat methodology
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/demo_mexrt?format=JSON&lang=en&freq=M&geo=AT&geo=BE&geo=BG&geo=CY&geo=CZ&geo=DE&geo=DK&geo=EE&geo=EL&geo=ES&geo=EU27_2020&geo=FI&geo=FR&geo=HR&geo=HU&geo=IE&geo=IT&geo=LT&geo=LU&geo=LV&geo=MT&geo=NL&geo=PL&geo=PT&geo=RO&geo=SE&geo=SI&geo=SK&unit=PCRelated stories
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